IGNOU Publications

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ACADEMIC COUNSELLING IN ODL: Information System for Capacity Building of Academic Counselors’ in IGNOU
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) S, kishore
Indira Gandhi national Open University (IGNOU) is an apex body for open and distance learning (ODL) system in India. The university has nation-wide operation and pioneer in distance education. IGNOU has an hqrs, 67 Regional Centres and about 3400 Study Centres throughout India. The study centres are the academic contact point for distance learners and the university engages around 54,000 academic counsellors for giving learner support to the heterogeneous distance learners. In IGNOU, the academic counsellors are mostly drawn from the formal higher educational system and the exposure towards ODL system therefore, is minimal. However, the academic counsellors are the pivotal link between the ODL institution and isolated distance learners in IGNOU. Their role in handling face-to-face academic counseling sessions at the study centre is very important. The academic counsellors in IGNOU are drawn from the conventional system of higher education. Though, periodical training is given to them by IGNOU, it is a difficult task to train such a massive number of counsellors across the country. In fact the role of an academic counsellor is multifarious and requires both tutoring and counseling. For maintaining quality in academic counseling, the accumulation of multi-dimensional skills, attributes and information is essential on the part of the cunsellor in ODL. Among these, possessing information at various levels about ODL system is an enabling factor to effectively support isolated distance learner. Therefore, a comprehensive Information System is felt the need of the hour for the capacity building of the academic counsellors in supporting distance learners and for the quality assurance process. This work explores and builds a comprehensive information system for the academic counsellors in an ODL system, keeping IGNOU as the context.
Adiposity Measures and Menstrual Cycle: Do We Envisage a Relation?
Sinha, Rashmi; Kapoor, Anup Kumar; Kapoor, Satwanti
The study aims to see the relationship between menstrual cycle and adiposity measures in Indian populations as menstrual cycle length has an important bearing on fertility and health of women. 415 premenopausal women in the ages 22–50 years residing in Delhi, India constituted the data. The adiposity was assessed by BMI as well as by using Bio-electric impedance method. The information regarding their physical activity pattern and menstrual cycle was recorded, and age at menarche was obtained through recall method. None of the underweight category women had menstrual cycle of less than 25 days. A decrease in body mass index and an increase in the age at menarche were found with the increase in the duration of menstrual cycle. The majority of women with 25–35 days duration of menstrual cycle in the present study were distributed in all the categories of BMI. Age was found to have no effect on longer cycle. The majority of women were in moderately physically active group and experienced menstrual cycle duration of 25–35 days. It is of utmost importance to identify the effects of moderate levels of physical activity, body mass index, and age at menarche on the menstrual cycle to enable the normal reproductive health of women.
Analyzing E-mail communication of prospective learners
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) Joshi, Vibha; Saxena, Anurag; Saxena, Anurag
Analyzing E-mail communication of prospective learners Vibha JOSHIAnurag SAXENA Reader School of Management IGNOU, New Delhi, INDIA ABSTRACT Today, computer has replaced all means of communication significantly. E-mail is the most popular means of communication through computers. It has vanished the boundaries between the cities, countries and continents. Earlier Studies that used this medium, had shown evidence of higher quality of responses and also significant cost savings feature of this method (mainly for convenience of dispatch) for research purposes. In this communication, an attempt has been made to utilize email responses of prospective learners in education discipline based programs offered through open learning system. The inception of this study is linked to the creation of website (http://www.ignou.ac.in/) and availability of information related to all activated and prospective programs of studies, various school of studies, faculty email addresses and faculty vis-à-vis program coordinator in the University. The present study analyzed 65 email responses received from July 2002 to till date by the researcher on her email ID. These respondents got the email ID from the University website and due to their eagerness to attain qualifications in the field of education/guidance/educational management, sent an e-mail to the program coordinator(s). These email responses were analyzed in order to visualize the learner profiles and viability of the ongoing as well as prospective programs of studies. This paper tries to analyze the e-mail responses of the people who either by surfing IGNOU’s website or from other sources came to know about the various programs of studies offered by the School of Education. The study validates that there is an amount of hidden information even in the curiosity of the learners.
Assessment in Open and Distance Learning System (ODL): A Challenge
(International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)) Chaudhary, S.V.S; Dey, Niradhar
Assessment is an integral part of the learning process. The traditional practice of assessment has changed to meet the need of the contemporary society. In this paper assessment strategies used in Open and Distance Education are discussed and constructive suggestions are given to meet the challenges of assessment. Recently we experience a paradigm shift in assessment both in face-to-face and ODL system. Content-based testing has shifted to performance-based assessment. Assessment is no longer used for grading and certification, rather it has linked with learning and skill development of the students. Instead of a single paper pencil test, a variety of techniques and methods are being increasingly conducted. In this context assessment in the ODL system has adopted a new shape to provide better assessment judgments to its students and at the same time helping teachers and administrators. Coping with the changing scenario in ODL we face challenges addressed extensively in this article.
Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds by Using N,N,N-Tributylpropanaminium Based Novel Chiral Ionic Liquid
(Scientific Research Publishing) Rupini, Boyina; Pasricha, Sharda; Rathi, Brijesh
Asymmetric reductive amination of carbonyl compounds was carried out using a novel class of aliphatic quarternary ammonium based chiral ionic liquid. S-(+)-2,3-dihydroxy-N,N,N-tributylpropanaminum bromide chiral ionic liquid has been synthesized, characterized and used for asymmetric reductive amination of carbonyl compounds in the presence of sodium borohydride. These preliminary results are encouraging and advocate dual role of novel ionic liquid as a medium and reducing agent for proficient conversion of ketones to amines, however, reductive amination reaction needs to be established for other substituents.
Bridges to Effective Learning through Radio
(Athabasca University Press) Chandar, Usha; Sharma, Ramesh
broadcast educational programmes for the benefit of students and general public in India. These FM radio stations, delivered through the Gyan Vani network, cater to learners seeking to gain knowledge in the areas of basic, primary, higher, and extension education. Radio programming covers various subject areas. It is anticipated that the opening of India's airwaves will prove beneficial to the nation's general population, thus fostering the democratising principals of empowerment, advocacy, and community participation. This study examines the results of a survey conducted to obtain feedback from a representative sample of the Gyan Vani network's projected audience. The survey focused on audience's perceived need for a radio channel dedicated exclusively to educational programming; it also provided an opportunity for respondents to suggest possible programme content and formats. Respondents, in general, indicated that they looked towards the network Gyan Vani to fulfil personal and educational goals by offering certified vocational courses, coaching for entrance exams, updated information on careers, courses, etc.
Comparative Study of Current Trends in Distance Education in Canada and India
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) Srivastava, Manjulika
Distance Education (DE) came into existence more than 150 years ago, as an effort to replace live, face-to-face instruction. Ever since then DE has evolved and taken several distinctive forms that reflect the characteristics of technologies that have emerged at different periods of time. Distance educators have always been adept at selecting appropriate technology for imparting instruction and promoting teacher-learner interaction over distances. Even emergence of DE in Canada coincides with the rise of the mail service in 1889, whereas in India it was introduced in the 1960s to meet the demand for higher education. However the movement gathered strength in both Canada and India at the same time, in the 1970s and 1980s. Currently all major DE institutions in both countries are engaged in providing flexible and accessible learning opportunities to their learners.The present paper discusses the existing practices and major issues confronting DE in these countries.
The condition for Minimum Deviation through Prism - Two Proofs Without Using Calculus
(Indian Academy of Sciences) Ghosh, C K
In this section of Resonance, we invite readers to pose questions likely to be raised in a classroom situation. We may suggest strategies for dealing with them, or invite responses, or both. “Classroom” is equally a forum for raising broader issues and sharing personal experiences and viewpoints on matters related to teaching and learning science.We know that the condition for minimum deviation of a ray passing through a prism is that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence. It is generally proved by using differential calculus. Here two proofs have been provided without using calculus, the ¯rst by application of trigonometry only and the second by pure reasoning.
Continuing professional development of dentists through distant learning: An Indira Gandhi National Open University-Dental Council of India experiment a report
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd.) Kuba, Ruchika; Kohli, Anil
To keep themselves updated with all the advancements in the field of dentistry, dentists should involve themselves in some kind of professional development. Distance learning is the most appropriate way to serve the growing demand due to technological advancements. Indira Gandhi National Open University in collaboration with Dental Council of India (DCI) developed and launched two continuing professional development programs in Endodontics (postgraduate certificate in endodontics) and postgraduate certificate in oral implantology and has trained over 400 and 280 BDS dentists respectively till date. The program package consists of self‑instructional material, assignments, videos and practical training. The training is conducted in premiere dental colleges and institutions recognized by DCI. The certificate is awarded after a term end examination, both in theory and practical. The pass percentages of the theory courses ranged from around 63% to 98%, and 90% of the candidates cleared the practical exam.
Defect Prediction Framework Using Neural Networks for Software Enhancement Projects
(SCIENCEDOMAIN international Ltd.) Vashisht, Vipul; Lal, Manohar; G.S, Sureshchandar
So far, various approaches have been proposed for effective and accurate prediction of software defects, yet most of these approaches have limited adoption in practice. The objective of this paper is to provide a framework which is expected to be more user-friendly, effective and acceptable for predicting the defects in multiple phases across software enhancement projects. This communication describes a process of applying computational intelligence technologies, in particular neural networks in formulating defect prediction models early in the software development life cycle. A series of empirical experiments are carried out based on input and output measures extracted from 50 'real world' project subsystems. In order to increase the adoption and make the prediction framework easily accessible to project managers, a graphical user interface (GUI) based tool has been designed and implemented that allows input data to be fed easily. The proposed framework uses historical data for training model and as a result provides a defect range (minimum, maximum) based output instead of a definite defect count based output. This is done in view of the fact that exact-count prediction has less probability of being correct as compared to range based predictions. The defect predictions can be used for taking informed decisions including prioritizing software testing efforts, planning additional round of code reviews, allocating human and computerresources, planning for risk mitigation strategy and other corrective actions. The claim of effectiveness of proposed framework is established through results of a comparative study, involving the proposed framework and some well-known models for software defect prediction.
Descriptive Analysis of Enrollment Data and Adaptive Educational Hypermedia.
(BIJIT - BVICAM’s International Journal of Information Technology Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management) Chopra, Nidhi; Lal, Manohar
As the world around is going through a technological revolution with the dawn of digital age, educationists are in some ways compelled to rethink the existing education system and its components. With the tools and the techniques available, nowadays it's imperative to reconsider how they can be used to improve educational institutions and associated bodies. Opportunities for knowledge discovery in educational data have increased tremendously with digital revolution now as compared to the scenario in the past. Educational data is becoming increasingly rich as more and more educational systems are going online and collecting large amounts of data. In this paper a study of an enrollment dataset is presented. Copyright of BVICAM's International Journal of Information Technology is the property of Institute of Computer Applications & Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Properties of Novel 2-Chloro-N-(Aryl Substituted) Acetamide Derivatives of 5-[2-(4- Methoxyphenyl) Pyridin-3-yl]-1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole-2-Thiol
(Insight Medical Publishing) Adimule, Vinayak; Medapa, Sudha; Kumar, S lalita; Rao, Prakash Kumar
In this linear synthesis, novel different 2-chloro N-aryl substitutedacetamide derivatives of 5-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl) pyridin-3-yl]-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2-thiol have been synthesized and screened for their cytotoxicity on PANC-1, HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines and obtained the IC50 and CC50 values.All the synthesized compounds were characterized by LCMS, IR, 1H and 13C (proton and Carbon 13) spectroscopies and elemental analysis. These compounds were evaluated for invitro anticancer activity on three different human leukemic cell lines, namely PANC-1,HepG2 and MCF7.In total five compounds were synthesized and studied for their MTT assay. Among five synthesized novel compounds, the compound N- [5-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-pyridin-2-yl]-2-{5-[2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-pyridin-3- yl][1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-ylsulfanyl}-acetamide6e is highly cytotoxic on PANC-1 and HepG2 cell lines having IC50 of 4.6μM and 2.2μM respectively whereas the compound 6c is moderately cytotoxic on MCF7 having IC50 15.5μM respectively. Rest all the compounds showed less cytotoxicity on all the three cell lines as compared with the standard 5-FU.
Development of Certificate Programme in Jewellery Designing through ODL
(EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH) Yadav, Asha
The main challenge faced by the sector is to fulfill the demand of Jewellery Desginers in Jewellery Industry. Expert Committee was of the opinion that Jewellery Industry is grappling with shortage of skilled artisans and there is a lack of good courses in Jewellery Designing. Keeping these considerations in mind, the Certificate in Jewellery Designing programme was developed for 10+2 pass out through Open and Distance Learning (ODL) mode so that this sector may provide better service.
Development, Environmental and Indigenous People’s Movements in Australia: Issues of Autonomy and Identity
(UTS ePRESS) SinghaRoy, Debal K.
Indigenous movements in Australia are at a crossroad in their efforts to protect their intrinsic relations with land, nature and culture on the one hand and engaging with the reconciliatory and developmental dynamics of the state on the other. This paper examines the process of articulation and rejuvenation of indigenous identities that negotiate across culture, environment, sustainable livelihood and the developmental needs of the community. Locating these movements within wider socio-historical contexts it focuses on the tensions between a pro-conservation and a pro-development approach in grass roots indigenous movements. Three case studies are presented – drawn from the Sydney region. One indigenous group’s struggle against a housing development, defined as a threat to indigenous and environmental heritage, is contrasted with an indigenous group that is internally divided over an agreement with a mining developer, and a third group that has engaged in constructing housing and welfare projects, and in part has itself become a developer. The article thereby addresses the reformulation of indigenous identities in Australian society as indigenous peoples’ movements have renegotiated the contending pressures of environment and development.
Distance Education and Job Market: A Case Study of IGNOU Graduates
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) Gaba, Ashok Kumar
The main focus of the present research study was to (1) know the learners' objective of joining with IGNOU and the advantage of obtaining IGNOU degree to (a) get permanent employment, (b) get promotion, (c) continue education, (d) self employment, (e) social and other reasons; (2) know the utilization of graduate degree; 3) find out the reasons if any for non acceptance of IGNOU degrees in the job market and other higher education institution, if any (4) know the employers’ views about the preference of candidates with degree from IGNOU and others at the time of recruitment in their institutions.
DISTANCE EDUCATION IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION: An Overwhelming Desire towards Blended Learning
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) Sethy, Satya Sunda
The aim of this paper is to discuss the nature and status of distance education in the age of globalization, i.e. how best it fits for the present educational scenario. In this connection, we will discuss how Blended Learning (hence after, BL) is one among the other learning strategies mostly helpful for the learners. Keeping this view in mind, this paper is divided into three sections. The first section aims to discuss the nature of distance education in the age of globalization. The second section devotes a discussion on why we need blended learning in ODL system and in which way it plays a vital role for maximizing the benefit of the learners, tutors, and the institutions. The third section explains the pros and cons of blended learning to evaluate how successfully it can be implemented in the ODL system. The paper concludes with an established view that blended learning is a globalized approach to the distance education.
Effect of Different Parameters onMechanical and ErosionWear Behavior of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation) Gupta, Anu; Kumar, Ajit; Patnaik, Amar; Biswas, Sandhyarani
The application of natural fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites has been continuously growing during the last few decades. These composites find diverse applications in hostile environment where they are exposed to external attacks such as solid particle erosion. Also, in many respects, the mechanical properties of different polymer composites are their most important characteristics. Therefore, improvement of the erosion resistance and mechanical behavior of polymer composites are the prime requirements in their applications. Bamboo fiber which is rich in cellulose, relatively inexpensive, and abundantly available has the potential for reinforcement in polymers. To this end, an attempt has been made in this paper not only to study the utilization potential of bamboo fiber in polymer composites but also to study the effect of various parameters on mechanical and erosion wear performance of bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
ELECTRONIC MEDIA LEARNING MATERIALS OF INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, INDIA: An Analytical Study
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) Roy, Manoj. V; GHOSH, Chinmoy Kumar
The establishment of the Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) in 1985 has been a milestone in the growth of higher education in India. A very special feature of the University is that a composite of several instructional methods in practice are aimed at giving effective support to distance learners. Self-instructional print materials are the mainstay of the courseware. Besides this, at the support centres, the learners attend a few face-to-face counselling sessions and get access to audio-video materials stocked in the library. Gyandarshan and Gyanvani, the educational television and radio channels broadcast programmes with academic content. The curriculum-based audio-video programmes developed by the University are supplementary in nature. This blending of traditional printed self-learning materials with electronic courseware is a conscious decision of the University which is intended to enhance the quality and effectiveness of learning. Over the years, audio and video cassettes have made way for digital compact discs. Resultant development in information and communication technology heralded virtual campus initiatives of IGNOU, conspicuous among them being the creation of eGyanKosh, the digital repository of the learning materials of IGNOU. Nevertheless, majority of the academic programmes are not being provided audio video supports. The paper analyses the application of electronic media in IGNOU’s course delivery platform.
Estimation of Optimum Dilution in the GMAW Process Using Integrated ANN-GA
(Hindawi Ltd., Adam House) P, Sreeraj; Kannan, T; Maji, Subhashis
To improve the corrosion resistant properties of carbon steel, usually cladding process is used. It is a process of depositing a thick layer of corrosion resistant material over carbon steel plate. Most of the engineering applications require high strength and corrosion resistant materials for long-term reliability and performance. By cladding these properties can be achieved with minimum cost. The main problem faced on cladding is the selection of optimum combinations of process parameters for achieving quality clad and hence good clad bead geometry. This paper highlights an experimental study to optimize various input process parameters (welding current, welding speed, gun angle, and contact tip to work distance and pinch) to get optimum dilution in stainless steel cladding of low carbon structural steel plates using gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Experiments were conducted based on central composite rotatable design with full replication technique, and mathematical models were developed using multiple regression method. The developed models have been checked for adequacy and significance. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) techniques were integrated and labeled as integrated ANN-GA to estimate optimal process parameters in GMAW to get optimum dilution.
ETHICAL AND VALUE SENSITIZATION THROUGH OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING
(Anadolu University, Eskisehir) sivaswaroop, Pathaneni
Spreading of Ethics and Values in the Society is an inherent activity of Education system. Distance Education (DE) being the latest form of Education, it is quite natural that DE also has to spread Ethics and Values in the Society. Some characteristic features of DE facilitate its role in this activity. This article discusses these issues.

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